Choosing Server Software
“Java server” isn’t one thing — it’s several different pieces of software that all run Java Edition worlds, with different trade-offs. This is usually the first decision to make before setting anything else up.
Quick Answer
Most people should use Paper. It’s a drop-in replacement for vanilla — same gameplay, same worlds, no mods required — but with major performance improvements and support for plugins if you ever want them. Only pick something else if you specifically need mods.
The Options
| Software | What it’s for | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
| Vanilla | Unmodified Mojang server | No plugins, no mods, worst performance at scale |
| Paper | Plugins, better performance | No mod support |
| Spigot | Paper’s older, slower predecessor | Mostly superseded by Paper now |
| Forge | Mods | Heavier, slower startup, mod conflicts are common |
| Fabric | Mods (lighter-weight) | Needs mods built specifically for Fabric, not Forge |
Note
Mods and plugins are not the same thing and are generally not compatible with each other. Mods (Forge/Fabric) change the game’s underlying code and must be installed on both the server and every connecting player’s client. Plugins (Paper/Spigot) only run on the server — players connect with a completely unmodified client.
Switching Later
Changing the SERVER_JARFILE / software type in the panel’s Startup tab and reinstalling doesn’t touch your world files — your builds and progress carry over. What doesn’t carry over automatically:
- Plugins and mods themselves — they’re tied to specific software and need reinstalling for the new platform
- Forge/Fabric ↔ Paper/Spigot — going from a modded world to a plugin-based one (or back) can leave behind modded blocks/items the new software doesn’t recognize, so test on a backup first
Tip
Not sure yet? Start with Paper. It’s the easiest to reverse out of if you decide you want mods later, since it doesn’t touch your world in any Forge/Fabric-specific way.